What is Patellar Luxation? Patellar luxation is usually a congenital condition in which the kneecap or patella, dislocates outside of its normal trochlear groove. The dislocation clinically referred to as luxation, can occur on either the medial or inside surface or the lateral. Sometimes even on the outside surface of the knee. There are varying degrees of patellar luxation that are graded by canine specialists, depending on whether the patella is intermittently or constantly luxated. This abnormal displacement of the kneecap results in pain for your Goldendoodle as well as causes cartilage damage and arthritis. There are varying degrees of severity of this disease and surgery may be needed depending upon the severity of the ailment. This condition is common occurs on cats and humans but can sometimes even occur with Goldendoodles even if the parent dogs have been tested and given a clearance. With canine, this condition typically affects small and miniature breeds such as the poodle, Pomeranian, Chihuahua, Schipperke, Bichon Frise and Pug. These breeds are not the only ones that can be affected. Sometimes large breed dogs can be affected as well.
This condition is also seen in the Cocker Spaniel, Golden Retriever, Labrador Retriever as well as hybrids and mixed breeds। On rare occasions, if this condition affects larger dogs, the kneecap is as likely to move to the outside (lateral) side of the legs as to the inside.Clinical signs of medial patellar luxation are lameness that is often intermittent and can be unilateral or bilateral. You may notice that your Goldendoodle has thick, swollen stifles; pain on range-of-motion; crepitus; palpable luxation; has an inability to jump or walk normally; medial displacement of quadriceps muscle group; lateral bowing of the distal third of the femur. Common symptoms with your Goldendoodle may be intermittent or it can cause consistent lameness; bowlegged stance; reluctance to walk or jump; occasionally holding a rear leg out to the side when walking.Medial patellar luxation, or MPL, is a very common disease of small or toy as well as miniature breeds in which the kneecap occasionally rides on the inside of its normal groove. Patellar Luxation is thought to be congenital, but this disease can also be caused by trauma or injury to the kneecap or knee area. MPL causes lameness in one or both rear limbs. The degree of lameness is determined by the severity and duration of the disease as well as the extent of existing arthritis. Patellar luxation is graded on a scale from 1 to 5 with 5 being the most severe. The disease can progress from the less severe to more severe grades over time. The more severe forms are often accompanied by malformation of the femur and tibia, as well as varying amounts of arthritis and requiring enough rest on dog crates.Some veterinarians and medical experts can identify dogs with this condition as early as eight weeks of age through x-ray. Many vets explain that the problem may be a genetic defect and if this condition is discovered in adult dogs, it is best not to use them for breeding. However, it is very important for a breeder to understand that just because their vet claims the ailment is genetic, the vet has no way of knowing this to be 100%. It is highly recommended that if you have discovered a breeding dog with this ailment to have a DNA test conducted so that a canine genetic lab can tell the breeder whether for sure the ailment has been inherited or if the canine obtained the disease through trauma. This condition should be treated, when discovered, by your veterinarian, however on occasion, no treatment is necessary especially if the condition is only intermittant. No surgery is necessary and no medicines need to be administered if your vet has observed the issue to not be severe or constant. When the knee locks up frequently or the Goldendoodle exhibits pain it his or her knee, then surgery is required.There are a number of surgical techniques that attempt to fix this problem. Some veterinarians relocate the patellar ligament and a small portion of bone (the tibial tuberosity) where it attaches to the tibia or shinbone. Others remove a portion of the medial patellar ligament and reinforce the lateral patellar ligament with suture. Often, the groove in which the patella rides is deepened. Because it is impossible to clean and maintain an animal as aseptically as a human being, the vet may begin all orthopedic cases on a broad-spectrum antibiotic several days prior to surgery. They continue this medicine for a week following the surgery. The affected leg or legs are bandaged for three days following the surgery and the pet is limited to short leashed walks for an additional two weeks. Because the surgery is relatively straight forward, few post surgical complications occur. Vet will try to do both legs at the same time even if the current problem is confined to a single leg. This is because left unattended, problems with the lesser-affected knee or sub clinical problems will lead to arthritis of that knee. Since 1999 and becoming a Goldendoodle breeder, we have never had any issues of Patellar Luxation with our Poodles or our Golden Retrievers.About the Author: Dee Gerrish of Goldendoodle World has been a private, professional breeder since 1996. Dee Gerrish is one of the original founders for the Goldendoodle dog in the southern region of the United States. Dee has written extensively about the Goldendoodle dog since 1999.
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